What is cancer: Cancer, by definition, is the uncontrolled growth of
cells. Any type of cells in the body can become cancerous. Once these
cells grow out of control, they take over areas previously occupied by
normal cells; sometimes these tumor cells break off and travel to other
areas of the body. Wherever these cells lodge they can start new
tumors. This process continues until there is not enough normal tissue
remaining to sustain normal bodily functions. There are a number of
factors that influence how fast a cancer may grow or spread: type of
cancer cell, location, genetics, as well as any concurrent illness or
debilitating condition the patient may have.
Why cancer happens:
While there are many research studies devoted to determining the causes
of cancer, a lot about this disease is still unknown. It is evident
that factors like genetics; exposure to harmful substances, injury, and
advanced age can predispose certain patients to this disease.
Diagnosis:
Regular physical examinations and thorough medical history review are
often key components to detecting cancer. Samples of any abnormal
tissue should be evaluated by a pathologist to determine the type of
tumor and degree of aggressiveness of the disease. A pathologist's
report, along with other imaging such as X-rays, ultrasound, and lab
work help establish the patient's health status and determine the
optimal treatment plan.
Treatment: There are many different type
of cancer treatment: surgery, chemotherapy, radiation or any
combination of these treatments. The important thing is to destroy the
abnormal cells without damaging the normal cells. Veterinary
oncologists, veterinarians that specialize in the study and treatment of
cancer, can be consulted to help determine what treatment would be best
for the patient.
Prognosis: Cancer is not always a terminal
disease. Early detection and appropriate treatments are important in
achieving the best outcome. New advancements in diagnostics and more
effective treatments are being discovered all the time.
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